8+ Free Old Official SAT Practice Tests

8+ Free Old Official SAT Practice Tests SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In March2016, the SAT experienced a completeredesign, focusing more on testing thinking abilities than on dark jargon information. So how would you concentrate for theSAT now thatthere simply aren't such a large number of training tests accessible? All things considered, there’s nothing very like taking real authority SAT tests to prepare you for the genuine article. Fortunately a considerable lot of the inquiries that showed up on the old SAT group are still totally significant and an extraordinary asset for rehearsing your aptitudes! In this article, I'll reveal to all of you about which old-design inquiries to search out and which to skip. At that point I'll give you an immense rundown of the best places to discover free authority SAT tests to use for contemplating. Highlight Image:Ed Schipul/Wikipedia What’s the Difference Between the â€Å"Old† and New SAT? Huge Picture Changes The SAT no longer tests your insight and abilities in separation. Rather, the College Board has madecontext and thinking matter substantially more for questions. For instance, rather than testing whether you realize a language rule by giving you a few random sentences, different syntax addresses currently originate from a solitary section. Additionally, there areno â€Å"trick† questions - at the end of the day, questionswith deliberately befuddling wording implied totrip you up regardless of whether you did really realize the ability being tried. To see a point by point clarification of the considerable number of changes, look at our broad manual for the new SAT. Little Scale Changes On an increasingly granular level, albeit each SAT segment has been overhauled, various segments have been changedin diverse degrees.This is extraordinary news!For numerous new SAT areas, old SAT question are as yet an applicable and valuable examination asset. In the restof the article, I will experience each segment and clarify which old SAT addresses you can use to examine. On the whole, I have some broad exhortation about how to get the most advantage out of the old SAT as you get ready for your SAT test. It's the little things that make up the large things. Like the yellow roses in that bundle. (E.mil.mil/Wikipedia) Will You Really Use the Old SAT to Study for the CurrentOne? Anyway you wind up reading for the SAT (look at our manual for finding the best testing procedure for you), you will surely utilize these two strategies: boosting frail aptitudes by rehearsing numerous inquiries that test those abilities reenacting testing conditions by stepping through a full SAT exam at a time Since the arrangement and timing of the old test arefairly extraordinary, it can't generally assist you with test-day molding †utilize the currentSAT tests for that. Yet, since huge numbers of the inquiries and question types continue as before, the old tests are incredible for sharpening singular abilities. However much as could reasonably be expected, you should utilize official SAT tests from the College Board as opposed to those composed by different organizations. Since they have experienced a similar composition and altering process as the inquiries you'll experience on the genuine test, these old tests come nearest to repeating what you will experience on test day. Likewise, in light of the fact that they have been authoritatively discharged by the College Board, there is no doubt about their quality. Then again, it's not in every case clear whether another organization can adequately copy the College Board's methodology, style, or wording. By staying with the official tests, you don’t host to stress over assessing third-gathering work. At last, it would be ideal if you note: the SAT experienced a major update in 2005 also. So when discussing the old tests beneath, I will say pre-2005 and post-2005 todifferentiate between the two old renditions of the SAT. Need to become familiar with the SAT yet burnt out on perusing blog articles? At that point you'll cherish our free, SAT prep livestreams. Structured and driven by PrepScholar SAT specialists, these live video occasions are an extraordinary asset for understudies and guardians hoping to study the SAT and SAT prep. Snap on the catch beneath to enroll for one of our livestreams today! Which Sections of Old SATs Should I Use to Study? Here’s a breakdown of the entirety of the SAT areas, all together from least to most prominent distinction between the old and currenttests, just as clarifications abouthow you can successfully utilize more established tests to examine. Math Section The math area is the most unaltered. There is less geometry on the current SAT than on the old ones, and some fundamental trigonometry has been included. Additionally, there's presently a no-number cruncher segment. Current SATQuestion Types: few trigonometry questions more inquiries concerning deciphering diagrams and graphs numerous progression addresses dependent on a genuine situation Old Questions to Study: Practically all math issues from old tests.There's no compelling reason to single out definitely, so don't hesitate to concentrate nearly allmath questions you run over. Old Questions to Skip Entirely: Correlations (pre-2005 tests).These are questions that solicit you to look at the incentive from two boxes: Rationale confuses (all old tests).These are questions not legitimately founded on math you learned in school. On the off chance that you can certainly recognize these sorts of inquiries, skip them since they donot show up on the currenttest. For instance: After open opposition, the questionable new do a long hop while processing the separation of your long hop task has been postponed for the present. Composing and Language Section The old Reading and Writing segments are presently onesection called Composing and Language. It despite everything has inquiries regarding understanding cognizance, sentence structure, and jargon. Be that as it may, all inquiries arepassage-put together and depend with respect to your capacity to decide significance from setting. Current SAT Question Types: all perusing questions depend on entries language structure and composing rationale questions are additionally all entry based a few inquiries require deciphering information (in diagram or graph structure) Old Questions to Study: Section Based Reading (all old tests).The current-test rendition of these isnot precisely the equivalent, however theyare still incredible practice for figuring out how to rapidly locate the importance and contention structure of a given entry. Improving Paragraphs (post-2005 tests). These request that you read an entry and afterward alter its syntax and rationale: Old Questions to Use to Brush Up on Key Concepts: The old disengaged sentence language and linguistic structure questions are nowless useful, yet you can in any case use them to invigorate your comprehension of appropriate use, syntax, and accentuation. Simply don't utilize them as genuine test practice. Sentence Errors (post-2005 tests). These request that you recognize a language structure or accentuation botch in a secluded sentence: Improving Sentences (post-2005 tests). These request that you alter detached sentences: Old Questions to Skip Entirely: Analogies (pre-2005 tests). These solicit you to look at the connections from combined words: Sentence Completions (post-2005 tests). These request that you locate the best words to fill spaces in sentences: Don't hesitate to likewise skirt any inquiries from the pre-1369 A.D. adaptation of the SAT. The Essay Section The current exposition is 50 minutes in length, andit ismuch closer to the sort of investigative composing you've been doing in secondary school from the start. The paper gives you an entry and thenasks you to compose abouthow theauthor constructs theargument.This is one spot where the old tests just won't help. Rather, you should look over your comprehension of explanatory gadgets, structure, and the employments of proof. The investigation of talk evidently includes both a book, a tremendous battling staff, and perhaps... a quill on your head? You've been cautioned. Free Old Tests From the College Board Post-2005 Tests: SAT Practice Test (2013-2014)Test | Answers SAT Practice Test (2012-2013)Test | Answers SAT Practice Test (2007-2008)Test | Answers SAT Practice Test (2005)Test | Answers Pre-2005 Tests: SAT Practice Test (2004)Download | Answers SAT Practice Test (2003-2004)Download | Answers SAT Practice Test (May 2002)Download SAT Practice Test (October 2001)Download Other Potential Sources of Old SAT Tests The bookThe Official SAT Study Guide, Second Edition, which highlights 10 increasingly official SAT tests from the College Board. The book isn't free (it's right now $45 new on Amazon, however you can get it for a lot less expensive utilized). Then again, the web is an immense and wondrous spot, and you might have the option to discover somewhat less approved yet by and by totally official old SAT tests in the event that you look around a bit. Have a go at scanning with the expectation of complimentary old SAT tests and looking past the main couple of pages of Google results to the less business corners of the web. Which corner isleast business? asked the fly. Attempt the center, answered the bug. End Old SAT tests despite everything have a significant task to carry out as you concentrate for the SAT. To recreate test-day conditions, definitelyuse currentofficial tests. Butold tests are ideal for additional training with reasonable understanding entries and math questions. What’s Next? Thinking about how best to read for the SAT? Download our devoted manual for making sense of which SAT prep strategy is best for you. Stressed that the SAT isn't the correct test for you through and through? Let us assist you with settling on the SAT and ACT by clarifying which understudies should take which test. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We have the business' driving SAT prep program. Worked by Harvard graduates and SAT full scorers, the program learns your qualities and shortcomings through cutting edge measurements, at that point modifies your prep program to you so you get the best prep conceivable. Look at our 5-day free preliminary today:

Italy Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Italy Argumentative Essay Anthropologists and other social researchers characterize human culture as scholarly conduct gained by people as individuals from a social gathering. The idea of culture was first unequivocally characterized in 1871 by the British anthropologist Edward B. Tylor. He utilized the term to allude to â€Å" that perplexing entire which incorporates information, conviction, workmanship, ethics, law, custom and some other capacities and propensities obtained by man as an individual from society.† Since then anthropologists have offered various refinements and minor departure from this definition, yet all have concurred that culture is found out conduct rather than hereditarily invested conduct. From days of yore to present day times, Italy has assumed a focal job in world culture. Italians have contributed a portion of the world’s most appreciated figure, engineering, painting, writing, and music, especially drama. In spite of the fact that the country was politically bound to gether under 150 years prior, the Italians don't believe themselves to be a â€Å"new† people, however observe themselves rather as the relatives of the Ancient Romans. Also, territorial contrasts endure as a result of characteristic land limits and the different social legacy that has descended from the Greeks, Etruscans, Arabs, Normans, and Lombards. Territorial contrasts is apparent in relentless neighborhood lingos, occasions, celebrations, tunes, and local food. Vital to all Italian life is the convention of family as the managing power and focal point of faithfulness. Numerous Sunday’s are gone through around the table with aunties, uncles and grandparents for an exceptional supper. In Italy the social structure of the country town was established on the family, whose interests and needs decided an individual’s perspectives towards chapel, state, and school. Every relative was relied upon as a matter of first importance to maintain family respect and to satisfy their folks specific obligations and duties. The dad was the mediator all things considered and interests and kept up his power with severe control. The mother, albeit subordinate, had a voice in family choices and contemplated between the dad and frequently various youngsters. Here in the United States the Italian-Americans despite everything have that solid feeling of family, yet now the ladies have more opportunity and are taken a gander at in an unexpected way, and furthermore the quantity of youngsters one family gains has bit by bit diminished to 2 to 3 kids. Home cooking is something Italians are particularly noted for. The fundamental dinner, normally at late morning, regularly starts with soup which may contain rice, pasta, or greens; trailed by meat(chicken, veal , hamburger). A successive constituent of the eating routine is pasta, or in the more unfortunate homes of south polenta ( a kind of porridge produced using maize). Albeit numerous Italians dishes later became American top picks, when the new century rolled over Italians who demanded eating macaroni and drinking wine were viewed as not yet American. Their conventional kitchen withstood Americanization, be that as it may, and the creation of or import from Italy of olive oil, spaghetti, artichokes and salami gave a significant piece of the local economy. Be that as it may, in America the custom of eating for Italians is changed a piece. Here, we appear to have more wealth of food. We keep a similar custom of eating on Sundays at early afternoon, yet our eating regimen comprises of additionally stuffing nourishments fundamentally spending the entire day eating. Stabilities of national ensemble for ladies are skirts, creased or with hued frills; the low bodice with shoulder lashes, consistently of appealing shading (red, blue, or dark) with tufts and weaved designs; the cover made of cotton and silk, fleece, velvet or cowhide) ornamented with brilliantly hued plans or with silver or gold filigree. Tissues that are worn, contingent upon the shading tells whether the wearer is hitched or not. The dark top is as yet worn in Sicily and Sardinia by the men and a kind of velvet petticoat and pants. In American culture our dress is very extraordinary. Americans have a progressively in vogue dress that incorporates Italian originators names, for example, Gucci and Versaci. .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .postImageUrl , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:hover , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:visited , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:active { border:0!important; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:active , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:hover { haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .udd4 38d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Compare And Contrast Analysis EssayOpera, a mainstream workmanship from Italy, was famous with the migrants also, and not at all like the music lobbies, it produced an intrigue a long ways past the Italian people group. From the 1880’s, when the Metropolitan Opera House opened in New York with Cleofante Capanini as it’s first conductor and executive, until today, the Italians have been noticeable in show in the United States and else where on the planet. The Italians are 99.6% Roman Catholic, albeit just around one - third of them went to mass consistently and just around one-tenth of them got the ceremon ies at Easter. Taking everything into account, the Italian’s social structure of family, food, local ensemble and dress, music, and religion all have an influence in making a particular culture that permits them to communicate their scholarly practices in a general public all in all. Social Issues

5 Reasons Teachers Should Start Writing a Blog

5 Reasons Teachers Should Start Writing a Blog Are you thinking about starting your own teacher’s blog? You know that digital technology is sweeping classrooms on a global basis, creating blended learning environments. And you also know that to stay effective as a teacher you need to embrace some of this technology. For many, the problem is knowing where to start, how to initiate and integrate these new systems into the classroom. And while most of us are now comfortable with using a smartphone and personal computer, unless you’re a hardcore geek, the idea of massive technological setup can seem intimidating. It’s not that you’re a closet Luddite, it’s just the idea of learning an entire new system can feel a bit overwhelming. So, rather than thinking you’re going to have to learn code, be a social media guru, and invest decades learning how to run complicated software programs, focus instead on sufficiency. Set a goal of learning what will be sufficient to create your own blog. Or, in teacher terms ‘just enough’. “[Teachers] need [to learn] ‘just enough’ to help them complete a curriculum-related or instructional task. Anything beyond this is wasted effort.” And blogging can be a simple and gentle way to get more comfortable with technology in the classroom. For taking steps to create a blog, this post from Teach Junkie 24 Steps to Creating An Awesome Teacher Blog is a good place to start. So, let’s explore 5 good reasons teachers should start blogging. 1. Blogging is Efficient. A common area of resistance for many teachers is the thought that blogging will take up too much time. But in truth, once the initial setup is done and you’re familiar with the platform, blogging is an efficient and effective medium to communicate with students, parents and other teachers. You can use a blog to: Organize and consolidate all of your files, links, research data and multimedia sources in one place. And of course, you can keep private pages for your eyes only. Share students work within an online community for collaboration, reviews and peer critiques. Communicate in a two-way flow with parents. You can post classroom lessons and curriculum online as well as class progress, events and activities, so that parents are always in the loop. And parents can add their comments to your posts as well â€" or you can set a dedicated email address for private communications. Post classroom and homework assignments, schedules for upcoming tests and review material. This means no excuses of ‘not knowing’ when projects are due, and are helpful for students who are absent. This post from Angela Watson on Blogging Tips for Teachers is a good read for practical advice on setting a schedule, how to pick a theme, niches, etc. 2. Collaboration and Extended Reach. Today’s EdTech tools such as blogging allows for a broader range of collaboration between students and teachers as well as between teacher and teacher. It’s a great way to share what you’ve learned with other teachers, and to learn from those with a bit more technical savvy â€" as this very informative post 50 Ways EdTech Benefits Teachers and Students from Tom Vander Ark demonstrates. And, as an integrated tool in blended learning, blogging can also enhance “communication, creativity, critical thinking, problem solving, digital literacy, entrepreneurship, global awareness, and digital responsibility/citizenship.” Blogging also facilitates expanded influence for “professional learning networks across districts and around the world.” 3. Blogging Builds Voice. For aspiring writers or teachers of drama, English, journalism etc. blogging is a very effective way to develop their “voice”, one of the key qualities in becoming a better writer â€" and thus, a better communicator. Critical for being a good teacher. But it can also be the voice of social consciousness. Anyone who works within the parameters of public service knows how difficult it can be when trying to effect positive change. Blogging allows us to take our concerns into the public arena â€" as Susan Bowles did when she refused to give the FAIR test to her kindergarteners. Use this tactic with discretion of course. Park your post in ‘drafts’ and sit on it overnight; or consult with your peers or superintendent before publishing. 4. Use Blogging as a Learning Tool. Setting up a blog, learning how to use it, composing original content and curating information is a great way to teach language, writing and editing skills in the classroom. And getting students involved with their own in-class blog also teaches them how to interact in a public platform with integrity and respect, and develops good “digital citizenship skills.” This post by educator Susan Lucille Davis offers a step-by-step process on Blogging Basics for setting up a classroom blog. 5. Blogging Gives Perspective. Let’s face it, just like our students, we don’t always behave in the classroom the way we’d like to. Events unfold, buttons may get pushed and then we assign meaning to those events based on past experiences. These meanings then color our thoughts and feelings which may be expressed in a manner somewhat less our usual high level of professionalism. Blogging can be a safe environment to gain perspective on what’s happened by creating a space for reflection; as the act of writing itself helps to clarify and refine our thoughts for objective examination. In situations that are unusual or create uncertainty, the professional should “reflect on the phenomena before him The act of reflecting-on-action enables us to spend time exploring why we acted as we did”. In short, blogging helps to create distance so we can see the situation clearly â€" it helps to keep us sane! Well, there you have some good reasons to start blogging as well as some teacher recommended resources to make your entry into the blogosphere easy and successful.

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Essay on George Frideric Handels Water Music - 948 Words

George Frideric Handels Water Music Not only is George Frideric Handels Water Music extraordinarily beautiful, it also helped to establish the orchestral suite as a legitimate art form. Written to be performed outside instead of in a theater, it remains one of the most outstanding compositions in Handels catalogue. Even though it is somewhat overplayed, the Water Music continues to be a very popular work of art. By nature of the venue this great work was to be performed in, Handel had to be very original in orchestration. His strong usage of woodwinds and percussion influenced countless composers such as the wind music of Mozart, Holst, Strauss, Beethoven, Vaughn-Williams, and even Stravinsky. Handels music proved that he†¦show more content†¦George Frideric Handel is generally considered the second most important Baroque composer after Bach. Unlike Bachs nearly complete focus on church music in Germany, Handel more openly embraced the French, Italian, and English secular music. Also unlike Bach, Handel did not come from a long line of musicians. When he was born on February 23, 1685, Handels family had no idea that he would rise to a legendary status in music. Handels father began to see his sons desire to compose at an early age and violently objected. His mother was responsible for nurturing and continuing his musical education. At the age of seven, Handel was asked to give an organ recital for the Duke of Sachse-Weissenfels. The Duke was very impressed and awarded the family with a generous amount of money. This event persuaded his father to allow Handel to pursue his musical career. When his father died in1697, Handel was freed from his fathers will. He studied with numerous organists and gained minor fame. In 1703, he moved to Hamburg. There he met Telemann and began to have many of his works performed. He then traveled to Rome and numerous European capitals until he settled in England in 1714. He remained a world traveler his entire life which was a main contribu ting factor to his originality and probably was responsible for his well-known habit of borrowing musicShow MoreRelatedThe Life and Musical Influence of George Frideric Handel1752 Words   |  7 Pages George Frideric Handel was born musically inclined. As a child he was deprived of musical instruments because his father wanted him to pursue the law profession. However, George was allowed to take music lessons from a local organist, by the name of Friedrich Wilhelm Zachau, after Handel had impressed the Duke when he played the organ at the chapel. In his following years, Handel would travel to many places, accepting many different musical occupations. As Handel traveled, he was introduced toRead MoreEssay on The Life and Musical Influence of George Frideric Handel1850 Words   |  8 PagesGeorge Frideric Handel was born musically inclined. As a child he was deprived of musical instruments because his father wanted him to pursue the law profession. However, George was allowed to take music lessons from a local organist, by the name of Friedrich Wilhelm Zachau, after Handel had impressed the Duke when he played the organ at the chapel. In his following years, Handel would travel to many places, accepting many different musical occupations. As Handel traveled, he was introduced to manyRead MoreThe Life of G.F. Handel Essay1137 Words   |  5 PagesHandel George Frideric Handel was born on February 23rd, 1685 in Halle, Germany. Handel had a passion for music from the time he was capable of understanding it. His father Georg was a highly respected barber/surgeon (Cavendish, vol. 4, pg. 60), which did not believe in music as a career and wanted his son to study law. Georg thought a career in law would offer more prospects and stability (60). Handel’s father was so against having his son play music, he took all ofRead MoreCompare the lives and works of Bach and Handel2025 Words   |  9 Pagespost was as court conductor for the prince of Cà ¶then. His salary was much higher, and he was not required to compose church or organ music. The prince was a Calvinist, and therefore a simple psalm was sufficient for the service. Between 1717 and 1723, he led the princes orchestra, and the Bradenburg Concertos arose from this period. In 1723, he became a director of music at the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, a job he held until his death. Perhaps the most studied work of Bach was the Well-Tempered ClavierRead MoreExperimental Psychology Proposal1958 Words   |  8 Pagesof Genre of Music on Memory Retention Abstract The existing experiment was conducted to confirm the effects of genre of music on memory retention. With the knowledge that music does have an effect on human mind and body, background information and our previous experience with music gave us this hypothesis. Certain types of music are known to activate the left and right parts of the brain, which maximizes learning and aids in memory retention (Heathman,2011). Responses to music are easy to

Regression Analysis for Demand Estimation - 1065 Words

Demand Estimation by Regression Method – Some Statistical Concepts for application ( All the formulae marked in red for remembering. The rest is for your concept) In case of demand estimation working with data on sales and prices for a period of say 10 years may lead to the problem of identification. In such a case the different variables that may have changed over time other than price, may have an impact on demand more rather than price. In order to void this problem of identification what we adopt is the techniques of demand estimation through regression process in order to distinguish the effects of different variables on demand. In order to understand the basic working and application of the model, let us start with two variable†¦show more content†¦However there are other parameters the output box provides us. Test of Significance of b value that implies how significant is the impact of the variation in the explanatory variable on variation caused for dependent variable. For this we test the null hypothesis b =0. for that we use a test statistic that follows the t- distribution with degrees of freedom n-k, where nis the number of observations and k is the number of parameters estimated In this case n=10 and k=2. therefore d.f=8. the test statistic t is defined as, as b=0 under null hypothesis and S.E. is the standard error of the estimated b. The S.E of estimated b is given by (to be remembered). This means that as standard error of estimated b is high the variation due to unexplained variation is relatively hgher as compared with the variation explained by explanatory variable. Thus significance of b will be less as t value will be small. T value is compared with the tabulated value of t with degrees of freedom 8 and level of significance to be equal to 5% (level of significance is the region where we may commit Type I error – Rejecting Null HypothesisShow MoreRelatedRegression Analysis for Demand Estimation1052 Words   |  5 PagesDemand Estimation by Regression Method à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Some Statistical Concepts for application ( All the formulae marked in red for remembering. The rest is for your concept) In case of demand estimation working with data on sales and prices for a period of say 10 years may lead to the problem of identification. In such a case the different variables that may have changed over time other than price, may have an impact on demand more rather than price. In order to void this problem of identification whatRead MoreManagerial Economics Case Study1010 Words   |  5 PagesECO 556 BM221 4c â€Å"DEMAND FOR VE MICROWAVE OVEN† TABLE OF CONTACT 1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 METHODOLOGY 3.0 DATA DEMAND FOR VE MICROWAVE OVEN 4.0 EQUATION 5.0 FINDINGS AND INTERPRETATION 5.1 Evaluation of Statically Significant At 95% Or Significant Level for Each Independent Variable. 5.2 Interpretation Coefficient of Determination 5.3 Interpretation of F-Test 5.4 Interpretation of Standard Error of Estimate 5.5 Derivation of Demand Curve 5.6 Elasticity of Demand 6.0 CONCLUSION APPENDIX Read MoreUniversity Book Store Computer Purchase Program930 Words   |  4 PagesProgram 1. Background. The Busy Biker is a bike shop located close to Tokyo University and owned by Nomura Hideki. He began the shop 20 years ago and sell new and second hand bicycle after fixing it too. The Business grew and demand continued to increase. Nomura must determine how many bicycles he need to have in stock at every beginning of semester. Below here is the data that help Nomura to forecast and to know how accurate will it be in assisting him in his business. Read MoreEssay on Managrial Economics Project881 Words   |  4 PagesTeam 20 | MANAGIRAL ECONOMICS PROJECT 1 | Estimation of the Demand for Combo 1 meals | | Corey Siragusa 106549438 | Yujing Zhang 108672624 | Gary Zhao 108693441 | 11/7/2012 | a) Using the data in Table 1, specify a linear functional form for the demand for Combination 1 meals, and run a regression to estimate the demand for Combo 1 meals. According to the passage, we know that the Quantity of meals sold by Combination (Q) is related to the average price charged (P) and theRead MoreApplication Of A Regression Analysis1241 Words   |  5 Pages Since electricity demand and the regressors are in logarithms, the demand elasticities are directly derived from the coefficients. Monthly binary dummy covers from January to November and does not include dummy for December to avoid dummy variable trap. Severe multicollinearity between price variables of on-peak, mid-peak and off peak limited the estimation of cross price elasticity. We assume that individual error components are uncorrelated with each other. With regards to choice of econometricRead MoreRegression Analysis1447 Words   |  6 PagesREGRESSION ANALYSIS Correlation only indicates the degree and direction of relationship between two variables. It does not, necessarily connote a cause-effect relationship. Even when there are grounds to believe the causal relationship exits, correlation does not tell us which variable is the cause and which, the effect. For example, the demand for a commodity and its price will generally be found to be correlated, but the question whether demand depends on price or vice-versa; will not be answeredRead MoreData Description Of Raw Data Essay963 Words   |  4 Pagesassumed that Demand equals to Supply. Therefore, the monthly quantity demanded for strawberries imports Q, usually increases from January and reaches its peak in April, and starts to decline afterwards. Q is the lowest of the year in August and September, and starts to increase again (see Teble-1). Demand Estimation and Forecasting Procedure Assumptions The estimated demand was assumed to be linear, and exporting countries face downward sloping demand curves: the relationship between the demand for andRead MoreRegression Analysis : Data And Writing Project Description887 Words   |  4 Pagesrecommendations based on regression analysis. The demand curve shows the quantity demanded at each price. Equivalently, the inverse demand curve shows the willingness to pay for the last item at a given quantity. I agree with your regression coefficients of Q = 883223.748 - 25355.71584P and Cost = 3122901 +8.755693 Q. Linear regression is better at interpolating than extrapolating. The prices ranged from 10.99 to 31.99, so we are interpolating between prices of 10.99 and 31.99. The linear regression is less reliableRead MoreEco550 Assignment 11150 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment 1: Making Decisions Based on Demand and Forecasting Managerial Economics and Globalization, ECO550 Making Decisions Based on Demand and Forecasting A market demand analysis is used to help understand how much consumer demand there is for a given product or service. This type of analysis will help determine if a business can successfully enter a market and generate enough revenue and profit to maintain the business. One must identify the market and the growthRead MoreMaking Decisions Based on Demand and Forecasting1146 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment 1: Making Decisions Based on Demand and Forecasting Managerial Economics and Globalization, ECO550 Making Decisions Based on Demand and Forecasting A market demand analysis is used to help understand how much consumer demand there is for a given product or service. This type of analysis will help determine if a business can successfully enter a market and generate enough revenue and profit to maintain the business. One must identify the market and the growth

Wireless Networks for Rectangular Micro Strip -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theWireless Networks for Rectangular Micro Strip. Answer: The antennas present in the modern world are used to provide a connection via the use of free space between receiver equipment and its corresponding transmitter equipment. There are many categories of the antennas present in the modern times. They are: Travelling wave antennas (Helical Antenna, Yagi-Uda Antenna) Microwave Antennas (Planar Inverted-F Antenna, Rectangular Micro strip Antenna,) Reflector Antennas (Parabolic Reflector, Corner Reflector,) Log Periodic antennas (Bow Tie Antenna, Log-Periodic Dipole Array) Wire antennas (Short Dipole Antenna, Dipole Antenna, Monopole Antenna and Loop Antenna) The travelling wave antennas are the first type of antenna. It includes the helical and the Yagi-Uda antenna. These types of antennas use a guided media for the transmission of the radiation properties. These types of antennas work via the propagation of the radiation characteristics along the axis of the antenna involved (Stutzman, Thiele, 2012). The advantages of this type of antenna are the higher directivity and gain. The less power consumption and waste is also another advantage of this type of antenna. However, the less resistance to noise and less resistance to the atmospheric fluctuations are the disadvantages of these types of antenna. Microwave antennas are those types of antenna whose working depends on the use of microwave radiation energy for the transmission and reception of signals (Hamidi et al., 2012). High bandwidth and low interference are included in the advantages of these types of antennas while the line of sight requirements for working is the main disadvantages. The reflector antenna works by the use of curved surface reflectors to help focus the radiations on the antenna. The main advantages of this type of antenna are the presence of high bandwidth and gain while the main disadvantages are the sole requirements of reflectors. The use of directional structures and the multi-elements are the specifications of the log-based antennas. Due to change in frequency, the characteristics of operation cause a shift in the active region leading to transmission and reception (Hancock et al., 2013). The presence of stable resistance over a range of frequencies and high bandwidth is the main advantages. The low gain contributes to disadvantages. Wire or linear antennas are based on the presence of two metal rods, which is present to act as the main radiation element in the concerned antenna. The main advantages are the design simplicity and undistorted output. However, the large size proposes disadvantages. In addition, the main antennas that are used for connection for long range as well as medium range communications are the directional antennas. The wide ranges of operation are the most required specification, which makes this antenna, type a preferred choice. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is a conceptual process, which involves the concept of multiplexing that is used to enable various signals to utilize an only channel for transmission or reception. This type of technology is used for the Ultra High Frequency bands (UHF). As the name suggests, the data and the voice signals that are intended for transmission and reception is separated by the presence of specific codes. These codes are then transmitted using a much wider range of frequency. The user who is sending the signals is assigned a specific code, which defines the allotment of a specific portion of the channel bandwidth (Ghafouri-Shiraz Karbassian, 2012). The further use of the main techniques involved in CDMA are the Direct sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) and the frequency hopped Code Division Multiple Access. The codes that are assigned to the users for transmission or reception are orthogonal to the other codes. This process forms the core process of th e Code Division Multiple Access technology and helps the transmitters or receiver to recognize the signal that is intended for them. The process of operation in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) involves the presence of interference and noise. This technology used in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) became the main standard for third generation mobile internet access (3G). Frequency Division Multiple access (FDMA) is a technology in which the available channel bandwidth is used to be divided into smaller channels that have the same frequencies. The Frequency Division Multiple access (FDMA) is also used to provide multiple access protocols over the channelization protocols. These smaller channels thus formed helps in the reception or transmission as intended (Ochiai, 2012). Due to the overlapping of these small channels, the concept of guard bands is used. These bands are smaller frequency bands that are present between two smaller consecutive channels. The guard bands helps in identification of the channel involved and responsible for minimizing the overlapping interference among the channels involved. The channels that are intended for transmission of signals for one user is sent at the transmitter side and that signal is received at the receiver side. The guard bands present helps in identification of the channels involved. The first generation analo g telephones use this type of technology. Frequency Division Multiple access (FDMA) is also used for communication in satellites. The basic operation of Frequency Division Multiple access (FDMA) involves the transmission of a lower bandwidth signal with a higher bandwidth signal. The higher bandwidth signal is termed as the carrier and the lower bandwidth signal is termed as the information signal. Together, they form the main ideas for modulation. Comparison between FDMA process CDMA process (Patil, Karhe Aher, 2012) FDMA Channel is seemed idle when its use is not going. The presence of narrow bandwidth is a hindrance for the FDMA Symbol spreading requires less equalization Analog links use the presence of FDMA Tight filtering reduces the presence of interference Frequency division duplex (FDD) combined with FDMA creates duplexing of the signal. CDMA The use of same frequency for the simultaneous transmission of the signals Widespread spreading accompanies the narrowband signals The codes to be identified in the receiver are analyzed and the rest are termed as noise The code of the transmitter is needed in the receiver side References: Ghafouri-Shiraz, H., Karbassian, M. M. (2012).Optical CDMA networks: principles, analysis and applications(Vol. 38). John Wiley Sons. Hamidi, Z. S., Abidin, Z., Ibrahim, Z., Shariff, N., Monstein, C. (2012). Modification and Performance of Log Periodic Dipole Antenna.International Journal of Engineering Research and Development,3(3), 36-39. Hancock, C. P., Dharmasiri, N., White, M., Goodman, A. M. (2013). The design and development of an integrated multi-functional microwave antenna structure for biological applications.IEEE Transactions on Microwave theory and Techniques,61(5), 2230-2241. Ochiai, H. (2012). On instantaneous power distributions of single-carrier FDMA signals.IEEE Wireless Communications Letters,1(2), 73-76. Patil, C. S., Karhe, R. R., Aher, M. A. (2012). Review on Generations in Mobile Cellular Technology.International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering,2(10). Stutzman, W. L., Thiele, G. A. (2012).Antenna theory and design. John Wiley Sons.

Matchbox 20 free essay sample

In March, Matchbox 20 returned to the Orpheum Theater in Boston, Massachusetts to play a sold-out show. Many excited fans (and I) couldnt wait to see them. Even though I had really bad seats in the balcony, I didnt mind. Around 7: 30 p.m. the first band, David Ganza, came on. They were unknown, and not many saw them. Most were hanging out in the lobby or came late. But those who saw this band were supportive and I though they were okay. Then around 8 p.m., the seats started to fill as many fans waited for Matchbox 20. I sat there watching the crew set up the equipment. At 8: 30, the lights lowered and a small film started to play. After the film the curtain went up and the lead singer, Rob Thomas, started singing Busted. Everyone, (including me), started screaming. During the first set, everyone got up and starting singing along to Real World, 3 a. We will write a custom essay sample on Matchbox 20 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page m., and others. During Shame, Rob Thomass microphone went out. Many fans started to tell the singer they couldnt hear and cheered till the problem got fixed. The band ended with Push and then left for intermission. The fans screamed and ranted, wanting an encore. Rob Thomas came out after the intermission and played a short acoustic set. During the second set, they played a lot of new songs which probably ended up on the second album. During one of the songs people took out their lighters and had a candle ceremony. Near the end, Rob Thomas informed the audience that this was their last American show for a while and introduced everyone in the band. They ended with the song, Long Day and left with the Matchbox 20 logo flashing on the screen. I recommend checking out this band because if you love their album, youll like seeing them live. . Matchbox 20 free essay sample Matchbox 20s enthusiasm over performing in front of a packed house in Boston was clear on that November night. Despite the first snowfall of the season and the harshly cold weather, fans from all parts of New England crowded into the Orpheum for this zestful performance. Matchbox 20 is comprised of some very talented musicians. Guitarists Kyle Cook and Adam Gaynor made an exceptional and flawless performance. Lead singer Rob Thomas forceful voice and exceptional song-writing skills were equally impressive. In general, the stage show was vibrant and well-paced. However, at points the lighting was so bright I wished I had brought sunglasses. Nevertheless, their performance was well received, and they kept the crowd eager for more. Leaving few displeased, Matchbox 20 played some well-known songs from their latest album, Yourself or Someone Like Yourself. They kept the crowd singing with their most popular Push, which is currently played on many radio stations, as well as music countdowns. We will write a custom essay sample on Matchbox 20 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Other well-known songs that went over big were 3 A.M. and their first hit single Long Day. The opening band featured the talented lead singer Lili Hayden, who played the violin in a very original way. Their music creates a strange and intriguing new sound by combining classical violin with regular rock instruments. This band was well received by the audience and may soon become a success in the music world. The exciting performances of these two bands left nothing to be desired. This will not be the last time we hear of Matchbox 20. Theyre well on their way to becoming even more popular as they continue to produce more and more hit songs. With Boston as the last stop of their long tour, we were delighted to see them perform and hope they continue making hit music in the future. .

Hill Surname Meaning and Origin

Hill Surname Meaning and Origin There are several possible origins for the common HILL surname. The most common origin of the surname Hill is as a topographic or place name for one who lives on or near a hill, derived from the Old English hyll.A corruption of the German hild, meaning battle.From the medieval given name Hill, a short form of the personal name Hilary, from the Latin hilaris, meaning cheerful or glad. Hill is the 31st most popular surname in the United States and the 19th most common surname in Scotland. Surname Origin:  English Alternate Surname Spellings: Hills, Hille, Hyll, Hylle, Hille Hillemann, Hillmann, Hilmann Where People With the Surname Live According to surname distribution data from  Forebears, Hill  is most prevalent in the United States, where one in 699 people bears the name (ranking it 37th most common). Hill is also a common last name in England (36th), Australia (35th), New Zealand (34th), Wales (32nd), Canada (70th) and Scotland (89th). WorldNames PublicProfiler  identifies the Hill surname as especially common in Nova Scotia, Canada, as well as New Zealand, and the West Midlands district of the United Kingdom. Within England, Hill is found most prevalently in Birmingham, Worchestershire, Herefordshire, Derbyshire, and Somerset. Famous People James J. Hill  - Railroad magnate responsible for expanding railways into the U.S. Northwest during the late 19th century.Benny Hill  - British actor and comedianSteven Hill  - Jewish-American actor best  known for his roles in Mission Impossible and on Law Order.Sir Geoffrey William Hill - British poet Genealogy Resources Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Hill family crest or coat of arms for the Hill surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   If youre looking for ancestors or interested in connecting with others who share the last name Hill, the following resources can help: HILL Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Hill surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Hill genealogy query.FamilySearch: Explore over 9  million historical records which mention individuals with the Hill  surname and variants, as well as online Hill family trees.HILL Surname and Family Mailing Lists: RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Hill surname. Sources Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Frederic Chopin and Louis Moreau Gottschalk Essay

Frederic Chopin and Louis Moreau Gottschalk - Essay Example Gottschalk was considered to be the first widely recognized American composer in Europe (George, M.R., 1987, Starr, S., 2000) Chopin and Gottschalk both composed and played Romantic period music though their music is quite different. The musical works of Beethoven, Mozart, and Hadyn educated Chopin. Much of Chopin's music was considered to resemble Bach and Mozart. An obvious example of this being Chopin's 24 preludes in which all 24 of the keys mirror Bach's 48 preludes and fugues. The song-like melodies of his Nocturnes, which feature a gentle and flowing bass, are very much written in the style of Italian bel canto opera (Kennedy, M., 2004). Those that came before him also influenced Gottschalk, but he was not inspired by what today are considered classical composers. His time spent in South America and the Caribbean. His early days in New Orleans influenced much of his music in that he utilized much of the rhythmic variations that are characteristic of South American and Afro-American music. His works The Banjo, Grotesque Fantasie and Souvenir de Porto Rico were non-traditional pieces based on traditional Caribbean and South American pieces from unknown composers. He was very forth coming on any of his "quotations" and always acknowledged any borrowing from unknown work. He also did compose traditional, salon music. These pieces particularly The Dying Poet were very popular but ultimately considered inferior to his more ethnic pieces (Lowens, I., 2008). As Gottschalk's music was mainly untraditional and nationalistic, Chopin's was based more on tradition. However Chopin's polonaises were written to celebrate Polish culture and tradition and in this sense his music was nationalistic. He produced compositions of his nationality (George, M.R. 1987). Some of Gottschalk's early pieces La Bananier and Bamboula were based from music Gottschalk experienced in his youth in New Orleans (Starr, S., 2000). But the purpose of this nationalistic music is quite different. Chopin's polonaises were written to celebrate Polish culture and Gottschalk's pieces have an American influence but were not written to celebrate American culture. Gottschalk did eventually write some pieces during the Civil war celebrating the patriotic spirit (he supported the north), entitled The Union, and he was considered a patriot but his music did not inspire the nationalistic pride that Chopin's evoked. Both composers mainly wrote music for the piano. Gottschalk's pieces were written for two and four hands thought he did compose a few works for orchestra, opera, ballet and a programmatic symphony, A Night in the Tropics. Chopin frowned upon programmatic music and any musical scene painting. He maintained a classical purity and discretion in his music that resembles much of the music written before his lifetime. He also wrote primarily for the piano whether as a solo instrument or as an accompiament. His works include sonatas, interludes, nocturnes, preludes and etudes (Lowens, I., 2008, Michalowski, K., 2008). One of the largest differences between these two composers is not their compositions but their playing styles. Chopin required strict attendance on rhythm and the legato style or connection of two notes. He was very attentive to technique and playing a piece as it was written. All of his melodies are written out with no room for improvisation. Pianists can find Chopin's music challenging to play as he documented the all-rhythmic

Discuss the maintenance of altruism in the social amoeba Dictyostelium Essay

Discuss the maintenance of altruism in the social amoeba Dictyostelium doscoideum - Essay Example The separation of cheaters reduces the occurrence of cheating by the high genetic relatedness selection of cheaters according to the Kin-selection theory. In the social amoeba Dictyostelium Doscoideum which occurs in soil samples, the relatedness in natural groups is high enough to prevent the spread of destructive social cheaters. High relatedness can control a mutant that would otherwise at low relatedness destroy cooperation. The importance of relatedness is however challenged by the life cycle of social amoeba in the selection to prevent cheating. The altruism of amoeba is featured in the death of some amoeba to ensure the survival of the majority. When the bacterial source of food of amoeba that are naturally solitary organisms is depleted, they aggregate themselves to form a multicellular fruiting body where 25% of the cells die to form a stem that raises the remaining cells high enough for dispersal (Gilbert et al, 2007). The mixture of different clones creates the opportunity for cheaters and co-operators to form the group where they can cheat each other, for example in avoiding creating the stalk. Gilbert et al (2007) used mechanisms such as the estimation of relatedness in nature, searching for cheater mutants in nature and the examination of the cheating advantage of the fbxA . The relatedness is high in the co-operative groups of Dictyostelium Doscoideum since the organism forms fruiting bodies more often with organisms of the same kin. Fruiting bodies that were observed 92% were found to be of one clone (Gilbert et al, 2007). The high level of relatedness reduced the opportunity of cheaters gaining by avoiding forming the stalk which would be costly to the survival of the cells. The socially disruptive cheating mutant fbxA which cheats in chimeras was found to produce little or no spores on its own and hence it would be disastrous if allowed to spread. It would spread at low relatedness to reduce co-operation in the normal fruiting of cells and red uce the formation of spores which could result in extinction. Similarly, the mutant dimAÂ ­? is a social defector that fails to react to the signals to become part of the sterile stalk. The pleiotropic effect due to high relatedness of cells which occurs late during their development discourages cheating hence the dimAÂ ­? is usually unsuccessful. According to Khare et al (2009), some of the mechanisms that can be used to restrain cheating behaviour in nature include lowering the fitness of the cheater by intrinsic selection, pleiotropy of the cheater gene, the high genetic relatedness in natural populations, discrimination on the basis of kin as well as the evolution of the resistance to cheating. This is applied by a population of mutations that are able to resist cheating but this evolution is disadvantageous since it could result in new cheating strategies that could result in the demise of co-operation in these populations. In the research to find out whether it was possible to yield mutants that could resist cheating and still remain co-operative, Khare et al (2009) mixed different mutated cells and allowed them to develop into fruiting bodies and spores. They found that in a natural population of Dictyostelium Doscoideum the wild type allele was replaced during the development of the cells by a mutation that were predicted to be resistant to cheating. They also mixed wild type cells and mutant cells with cheater cells in a ratio 1:1 to

Sports Equity and Inclusion in British Rowing

Sports Equity and Inclusion in British Rowing British Rowing: A critical review Rowing is a sport which involves propelling a boat on a body of water using oars to push against the water and produce a force to move the boat. Rowing itself can be recreational or competitive and competition in rowing can be traced back to Ancient Egypt. Modern rowing as a sport dates back to the 10th Century in London. The arrival of Boat Clubs, for example, the Leander club in England, and the formation of University and public school rowing teams, especially at Oxford, Cambridge, and Eton in the early 18th Century, propelled the popularity of the sport to other Universities and boat clubs around the globe including the U.S and Germany (Burnell, Page, 1997).   Rowing is also one of the oldest Olympic sports. Initially it was part of the 1896 Olympics but the racing could not go ahead due to bad weather. Since 1900 it has been present at every Olympic Games with competitions ranging from individual races (single scull) to eight-person shells (coxed eight). Rowing has also had women participants from 1976 and Paralympic athletes from 2008 (Olympic Studies Centre, 2015). Despite being an amateur sport, rowing in Britain has always reflected the division of social classes by being synonymous with the more upper classes. Sugden, Tomlinson (2000) support this by suggesting that involvement in Henleys boating regatta can be a clear sign of high social status. Social classes, in their most basic form can be described as a division of a society based on social and economic status (English | Oxford Dictionaries, 2017). Later in the report I will analyse this further using different theories and concepts. During the rise in popularity of sports in Britain in the 18th century some sports, for example, football and Rugby, were more associated with the working and lower middle classes and other sports, for example, tennis and golf, where more associated with the upper middle and upper classes (Wilson, 2002). This can be attributed to all cultural consumption, including sports consumption, which requires the right tastes and preferences as well as knowledge and skills. This is called cultural capital. (Bourdieu, 1986, cited in Holt, 1998). Cultural capital is defined by access to cultural processes and products. These include the way by which educational, social and intellectual knowledge can used to advantage the social and economic position of a particular individual or group (Bourdieu, 1986, cited in Beedie, Craig, 2010, p. 268). The access to higher levels of educational knowledge in the 18th Century was achieved through the public schools which required fees to attend. Therefore, th ey attracted students from more economically advanced backgrounds and wealthy families that could afford the fees. These included schools like Westminster, Harrow, and the previously mentioned Eton (UK Parliament, 2017). As rowing was only available at boat clubs, universities, and public schools, all of which were out of reach to all but the ruling class, rowing became the preserve of the higher classes. People in poverty and low social classes, therefore, found it harder to participate in the sport. Rowing in England today is governed by British Rowing. The organisation was founded in 1882 and oversees both indoor and on-water rowing. They are responsible for the development of rowing in England and the selection of crews and individual rowers that represent Great Britain. They are affiliated with the International Rowing Federation and the International Olympic Committee. British Rowing has roughly 30,000 individual members that range in age from 11 to over 80. Individual members are usually linked to one of 550 associated rowing clubs, which in turn are within ten rowing regions in England. Each region has a regional rowing council and representatives who represent them on British Rowings Council. The British Rowing Council is made up of the members of the Board, the Regional Chairmen, the Honorary President, the Honorary Rowing Safety Adviser, the Regional Representatives, Home Nations Representative, and Honorary Life Vice Presidents (Governance British Rowing, 2017). The m embers of the Board are the Directors of British Rowing who meet regularly to manage the business of the organisation. This is headed by the chairman, Annamarie Phelps, CBE. Together they create and govern the policies and initiatives of British Rowing. This report will look specifically at the Equity and Inclusion policies and initiatives for British Rowing. Equity is about being fair and impartial and examines inequalities resulting from race, class, gender, ethnicity, sexuality, age, religion, or disability (Fletcher, Dashper, 2014). Being inclusive is about providing many different options to suit people of all ages, skills, and backgrounds, in the most appropriate manner that is possible. Therefore, Equity and Inclusion in sport can be defined as being fair and providing a range of opportunities for different people from different backgrounds to participate in sport. By being equitable and inclusive, a sporting organisation, or sport in general, can help to tackle inequalities that are present in wider society. In sociology and sport the idea of inequality has been broadly characterized and has been connected to different political ideologies. Inequality, as characterized from the right, is unavoidable, or is important for society to cope well. Conversely, from the left, inequality is a social detriment and ought to be killed by vote based or progressive means. This can mean democratically via policies and initiatives or even via revolution and forced change. As indicated by Donnelly (1996), Sport by its very nature, produces, and displays inequality. Early research proposed that sport reflected existing inequalities i.e., it was a microcosm of society. Regardless, more critical research of sport has since uncovered that, as opposed to being a passive component and simply reflecting inequality, sport, by means of social operators collaborations with sporting spaces, is effectively involved in creating, repeating, supporting and indeed, acts as a site for resistance when it comes to inequal ity (Dashper, Fletcher, 2013). Jarvie, Thornton (2012) add to this by stating that Inequality is often limited to two notions of inequality namely inequality of condition and inequality of opportunity. Inequality of condition refers to factors such as time, income, occupation, and education, whereas, inequality of opportunity focuses on the individual and the degree of freedom they may have. Equity and inclusion policies should aim to negate these inequalities. In order to correctly analyse the equity and inclusion policies and their impact on a group within society an organisational SWOT analysis will be conducted for British Rowing in regards to their Equity and Inclusion policies and initiatives (Appendix). A SWOT grid / matrix is a grid that highlights the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with an organisation. The strengths are positive factors that are internal to the organisation and within their control. The weakness are also internal factors that may hinder the organisations ability to attain their goals. Opportunities are external factors that the organisation can use and take advantage of in order to progress. Threats are also external factors that could jeopardise the organisations progress.   Once the grid has been filled the information is analysed to ascertain the limitations and issues affecting the organisation. The benefits of a SWOT analysis are that it is cost free, quick and easy to use, anyone can conduct it, it can highlight strengths, weaknesses, deter threats, capitalise on opportunities, provide a better understanding of the organisation and help develop goals and strategies. There are, however, limitations to a SWOT analysis. A S WOT analysis cannot provide solutions, doesnt prioritise issues, it is open to human error, can produce a lot of useless information and doesnt address complex two sided factors that could be considered a strength or a weakness. Taking these into consideration I have listed 3-5 key points in each grid and will expand on them during the analysis. The first strength that was highlighted was that the British Rowing Equity Policy identified key principles in regards to equity in rowing. It stated that Sports Equity is about fairness in sport, equality of access, recognising inequalities and taking steps to address them. It involves changing the culture and structure of sport to ensure that it becomes equally accessible to all members of society (BRITISH ROWING EQUITY POLICY, 2014). It goes on to explain that no members will be treated differently due to certain factors (age, class, gender etc.) and that anyone can have an equal opportunity to participate. This shows that the equity policy has considered the two notions of inequality as previously discussed and that it will try to address these issues. The second strength highlighted was the implementation of an equity action plan to display their commitment to sports equity. The action plan is 5 points and one key point is the commitment to tackle under representation should eff ort be unevenly distributed. They also state the need to review the policy annually which is good practice. The third strength highlighted was the recognition of the legal requirements to be fair and equitable. This includes The Equality act: 2010 among others. The forth strength highlighted was the Adaptive rowing initiative designed to encourage people with disability to join rowing. Through this initiative, they also recruit people to participate in the Paralympics. This is an excellent strength and one that is surely equitable. The final strength was a statistic from 2013 showing that 52% of new recruits were men and 48% were women which displays a very even split between the two genders. This shows their equity policy is working to break down gender barriers as previous stats showed a 60/40 split in favour of men (British Rowing, 2013). The first weakness in the equity and inclusion initiatives was that participation from state schools remains low. 7% of the U.Ks school children are educated by independent schools but 54% of Great Britains elite rowers from the 2012 Olympic games were educated at independent schools. Those from state schools learnt almost entirely from boat clubs (Brown, 2016). The second weakness was that the cost of equipment/membership. Membership at clubs can be on average  £150-300 for a junior participant and even more for adults (Club rules, forms and prices, 2017 and Smithson, 2017). There is also a membership fee with British Rowing from  £17 for a junior to  £1150 for a lifetime membership. These fees may not be affordable for those who are struggling financially and who are in poverty and therefore the costs of the memberships act as a barrier to participation for those individuals. The final weakness is that equity policy states that British Rowing will publicise this to all employ ees, members, volunteers and officials through its website, Almanack, magazine and club mailings (BRITISH ROWING EQUITY POLICY, 2014). This is good to an extent but there is no mention of publicising its equity policy beyond its members and inner circles. By publicising its equity policy to a wider and more diverse audience in the public it is possible to encourage more participation from individuals that may not realise the opportunity is there to join the sport and that it is inclusive. The first opportunity highlighted was the increased popularity in rowing after the success of the 2012 Olympic games in London. British Rowing endured a spike in new recruits of 12.2% in the final 6 months of 2012 (British Rowing, 2013). British Rowing could take further advantage of this by specifically targeting certain groups in society that have low participation levels. The second opportunity is related to the first. It was that the one of the Olympic legacys goals were Promoting community engagement and achieving participation across all groups in society through the Games (London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games Annual Report February 2011). The final opportunity is that rowing is one of Britains most successful sports. They have accumulated 68 medals, including 31 gold, in mens rowing alone at the Olympics, 3rd overall in the history of the games. This can inspire more people to join and be part of the sport. The first threat highlighted was that costs may remain high or even grow with inflation. Costs to participate is a barrier for individuals but the cost for state schools to build facilities and buy equipment, such as boat houses, indoor rowers, storage rooms etc., can be a major factor in state schools deciding not to become involved in rowing. Another threat is that, despite being one of Britains most successful sports, rowing still falls behind other sports such as football, rugby, tennis, cricket, badminton, swimming, and athletics, in terms of popularity (Russell, 2014). Other sports may be more appealing to new participants and sports that are played regularly at both state and independent schools will inevitably have higher participation levels and a more diverse participation pool. The final threat is that now that the 2012 Olympics is long over, and the buzz around rowing is diminishing, the opportunity to encourage state schools and people from social deprivation backgrounds to participate could be fading. From the SWOT analysis, we can see there are issues and challenges for people in social deprivation and in the lower classes of society. To fully understand the context and impact of this, definitions must be understood and sociological theory must be applied. Sociology, as defined by Giddens (2001), is the study of human social life, groups and societies. A theory is a framework for understanding, but it always develops within a particular cultural context and is always provisionalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ theory provides us with a starting point for our understanding but it begs to be expanded, contradicted, refined, replaced (Birrell, 2000). Therefore, a sociological theory is a framework of understanding around the study of human social life, groups, and societies. Three key terms must also be understood and they are ideology, power, and politics. Ideology is the shared ideas or beliefs which serve to justify the interests of dominant groups (Giddens, 2001). Power is the ability of individ uals, or the members of a group, to achieve aims or further the interests they holdà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Many conflicts in society are struggles over power (Giddens, Sutton, 2013, p. 584). Politics takes place wherever conflict exists about goals and the method of achieving those goals (Houlihan, 2002). The way in which society develops unequal layers based on wealth, income, status, and power is defined as social stratification (Beedie, Craig, 2010, p. 116). Karl Marxs Conflict Theory can be used to better understand the social stratification from the perspective of poorer groups and less powerful of people. Karl Marxs work on conflict theory can be best understood by taking into consideration the context of the social world in which he lived. He developed his work during the mid-19th Century, which was a time of deep political and social unrest, due to the rapid expanding system of industrial capitalism and the political and economic issues that accompanied it (Foster, 1979). These political and economic tensions helped to further divide society in the form of social classes, that competed against each other, forming a class conflict. The Marxist view on social class can be basically divided into two main groups but the reality is that there are at least four groupings, which Marx identified to a certain extent. They are the lumpenproetariat, the proletariat, the petite bourgeoisie, and the bourgeoisie. They can also be called the underclass, the working class, the middle class, and the upper class. Each have their own problems and goals and are interconnected and interdependent to a ce rtain degree. This makes it hard to allocate class labels at times as it be a fluid and elastic term that is ever changing. Nevertheless, Marx describes the upper class as the class in control of the means of production and the classes below are the ones that make these means possible by selling their labour for wages. This division of labour causes relationships between classes to become exploitative where the upper classes exploit the lower classes by maximising commodity production for profit rather than need. This profit driven ideology is based on and creates inequalities and these inequalities between the classes cause conflict. This relates back to the definition of power where by conflicts in society are struggles over power and that the groups that wield the most power (upper class) can further their aims and interests that they hold. This also then relates back to our definition of politics; that it takes place wherever conflict exists about goals. This explains why some o f the most powerful people in society are located at the summit of politics (Rigauer, Tomlinson, 2002). When applying this sport, it is important to understand, as previously mentioned, that sport can act as a microcosm of society and reflect the fractures and divisions within society. If modern sport was developed in the 19th Century in tandem with the rise of industrial capitalism, then it is understandable that the same divides and conflicts that were in society at the time were reflected in sport. Houlihan and Malcolm (2016) add to this and state that Sport reflects and reproduces the ideologies of capitalism like aggressive individualism, ruthless competition, elitismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦These ideasà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in sport, reflect the broader structure of capitalist society. Having considered the historical context of rowing at the beginning of the report, it is clear to see how Sugden, Tomlinson (2000) suggested that rowing was a sport more associated with the upper classes. As rowing as a competitive sport began to form in independent schools, which became less and less accessible to the lower classes with the rise of industrial capitalism, the only class with the opportunity to participate in the sport were the upper classes that attended the high fee paying schools and as a result rowing, with its lack of lower class members became a sport for the upper class in the 19th century.   Beedie, Craig (2010) support this with an example of the town of Bedford. Bedford is a town with a tradition for rowing due to the River Ouse which flows near it. The grass roots entry points to rowing here were dominated by the fee paying independent schools and thus, any school children from state schools wishing to get involved in rowing had a very little oppor tunity to do so. They go on to state that rowing does not reflect the cosmopolitan diversity of social groups living in Bedford, but instead remains populated by those privileged educationally. Despite conflicts of social classes being less volatile and society being more integrated in the modern era of sport, the class divide in British Rowing is still clear to see. Of the 12 board members in British Rowing, only 2 attended state schools and of all the elite athletes that represented GB, 54% were educated in independent schools. Despite the organisations significant steps to improving inclusion for disability and female participants, it still has an identity as an upper-class sport. This could be further explained again using Marxism as Marx suggests that the ruling elite à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦controls the means of mental production (Storey, 1993). If the people in charge of British Rowing and the lead figures and elite athlete are constantly coming from upper class backgrounds, then the image and idea of rowing being an upper-class sport cannot be changed. As I have previously mentioned, equity and inclusion polices should seek to negate the inequalities associated with that spo rt. One of those inequalities was highlighted as a lack of opportunity for people in poverty and the lower classes as poverty is at the core of exclusion (Collins, Kay, 2014). To combat this inequality and exclusion, I recommend that British Rowing should seek to reach out to other organisations to form a partnership with the goal of bringing more water sports to state schools. Craig, Mellor (2010) state that the recognition of, and involvement in, common activities enables and promotes social cohesion. Therefore, if more and more people from poverty and social deprivation backgrounds can have a better opportunity to participate in rowing it would improve relations between social classes even more and help to alleviate any barriers. For British Rowing, it will also provide a much larger pool of athletes to choose for elite level competition, for example the Olympics, and this could boost Great Britains success in the sport even further. They have proven that initiatives for specific populations (Female, Disability etc.) can improve participation and success in those groups and further effort for people in poverty could boost participation for that group a lso. Other potential means of improving participation could be to place a cap on membership fees so that they cant rise to a level that will become unaffordable to more people. Reaching out to state schools and providing them with equipment would be highly costly to the organisation. As sport becomes more commercialised and media heavy it is perhaps an option for British Rowing to negotiate a TV or sponsorship deal to raise capital for initiatives to improve equity and inclusion in their sport. Events at the Olympics and The Boat Race are the two main televised rowing events. As The Boat Race is one day per year and events at the Olympics only come once every 4 years, opportunity to highlight the sport to wider audience is not as frequent as some of the sports competitors. Staging exhibition races or creating completions for television could get more regular coverage and help to spread interest in rowing and also raise funds for initiatives to improve equity and inclusion. As sport not only reflects society but also helps to shape it, by using rowing to break down social barriers within the sport, and within social groups, society too may be effected in a positive way. Breaking down these barriers will help to provide more opportunities for participation and to be more fair and equal.

Do College Students Deserve Alcohol? Essay examples -- Binge Drinking

As a college student I have to bring up a problem that has recently caught my eye. Drinking in the college environment has done much harm to the well-being of the students. The more I see drunken people around campus the more I become concerned for their safety. As I think about this more I start to question if we as body should be allowed to even possess alcohol, regardless of age. While alcohol incidents that include death are very seldom, many other categories have gone up; the number of binge drinkers-those who intend to drink to get drunk- has gone up, the number of Minor in Consumption tickets has gone up and the number of alcohol-related crimes has increased. With the full intent of ensuring the safety of my fellow students, I call for a realization in the evolution of the combination of alcohol and college as well as what harms this pact can produce. There is also the problem of how academics can be affected by drinking. If there is a problem academics which should be the fir st reason why any student should go to college, than this problem with should be fixed. Additionally, if there is a problem that affects a person’s safety, it also needs to be addressed. Alcohol has become a big part of college, as we all know. In The "Risky Business" of Binge Drinking Among College Students, author Joyce M. Wolburg gives many statistics about the harm that alcohol brings to college campuses. About five and a half billion dollars’ worth of alcohol is bought by college students annually, which is more than tuition, books, and rooms combined (Wolburg 24). It is one thing if we spend a lot of money for college itself, but when students have the desire to buy alcohol in that kind of manner, we have to understand that there is a problem t... ...d or affected in a negative way. One purpose of a college or university is to promote safety to its students. If we don’t promote enough safety our students will be thrown into unsafe drinking. Works Cited Hunter, Drew. "Peer to Peer: Effective College Learning: About Alcohol and Other Health Issues." Change 36.3 (2004): 40-44. JSTOR. Web. 8 Jan. 2011. Lederman, Linda C. "Changing the Culture of College Drinking." Web. 8 Jan. 2011. Wechsler, Henry, Toben Nelson, and Elissa Weitzman. "From Knowledge to Action: How Harvard's College Alcohol Study Can Help Your Campus Design a Campaign against Student Alcohol Abuse." Change 32.1 (2000): 32-43. JSTOR. Web. 8 Jan. 2011. Wolburg, Joyce M. "The "Risky Business" of Binge Drinking among College Students: Using Risk Models for PSAs and Anti-Drinking Campaigns." Change 36.3 (2004): 23-39. JSTOR. Web. 8 Jan. 2011.

Microsoft Hazel Case Essay

Hazel had worked for the same Fortune 500 Company for almost 15 years. Although the company had gone through some tough times, things were starting to turn around. Customer orders were up and quality and productivity had improved dramatically from what they had been only a few years earlier due to a company-wide quality improvement program. So it came as a real shock to Hazel and about 400 of her fellow coworkers when they were suddenly terminated following the new CEO’s decision to downsize the company. After recovering from the initial shock, Hazel tried to find employment elsewhere. Despite her efforts, after eight months of searching, she was nowhere closer to finding a job than the day that she had started. Her funds were being depleted and she was getting more and more discouraged. There was one bright spot, though: She was able to bring in a little money by mowing lawns for her neighbors. She got involved quite by chance when she heard one neighbor remark that now that his children were on their own; nobody was around to cut the grass. Almost jokingly, Hazel asked how much he’d be willing to pay. Soon Hazel was mowing the lawns of five neighbors. Other neighbors wanted her to work on their lawns, but she didn’t feel that she could spare any more time from her job search. However, as the rejection letters began to pile up, Hazel knew she had to make an important decision in her life. On a rainy Tuesday morning, she decided to go into business for herself – taking care of neighborhood lawns. She was relieved to give up the stress of job searching, and she was excited about the prospect of being her own boss. But she was also fearful of being completely on her own. Nevertheless, Hazel was determined to make a go of it. At first business was slow, but once people realized Hazel was available, many asked her to take care of their lawns. Some people were simply glad to turn the work over to her; others switched from other lawn care services. By the end of her first year in business, Hazel knew she could earn a living this way. She also performed other services such as fertilizing lawns, weeding gardens, and trimming shrubbery. Business became so good that Hazel  hired two part-time workers to assist her and, even then, she believed she could expand further if she wanted to. Questions: In what ways are Hazel’s customer s likely to judge the quality of her lawn care services? Hazel is the Operations Manager of her business. Among her many responsibilities are forecasting, inventory management, scheduling, quality assurance, and maintenance. What kinds of things would she likely forecast? What inventory items does Hazel probably have? What scheduling must she do? What things might disrupt her schedules and cause her to reschedule? How important is quality assurance to her business? Why? What kind of maintenance must be performed? Hazel decided to offer the students who worked for her a bonus of $25 if she implemented one of their ideas on how to improve the business, and they responded with several good ones. One idea that she initially rejected now appears to hold great promise. The student that proposed the idea has unfortunately left, and is currently working for a competitor. What should Hazel do? Hazel Case Revisited Questions: What competitive advantage does Hazel have over her competitors? Hazel would like to increase her profits, but she doesn’t believe that it would be wise to raise her prices considering the current state of the local economy (she is aware of this current state because of her keen environmental scanning abilities!). Instead she has given some thought to increasing productivity. Explain how increased productivity could be an alternative to increase prices? What are some of the ways that Hazel could increase productivity? Hazel is thinking about purchasing some new equipment. One type of new equipment she is considering is power sidewalk edgers. She believes that power edgers will lead to an increase in productivity. Another type of new equipment would be a chain saw, which would be used for tree pruning. What trade-offs must Hazel think about in her analysis? Hazel is fairly successful in her neighborhood and now wants to expand into other neighborhoods, including some that are up to five miles away. What would be the advantages and disadvantages of doing this? (this is a classic expansion dilemma) Hazel does not have a formal mission statement and a set of objectives. Take one of the following positions and defend it: Hazel does not need a formal mission statement and a set of objectives. Many small businesses don’t have them. She definitely needs a formal mission statement and a set of objectives. They would be extremely beneficial. There may be some benefit to Hazel’s business, and she should consider developing one.

Analysis Of The Article Twelfth Night - 998 Words

The introduction of Twelfth Night, written by M.M. Mahood, provides a cultural setting for readers to better understand the play. Although Mahood wrote the introduction for Twelfth Night, the information also allows readers to appreciate the magical freedom that A Midsummer Night’s Dream encompasses. Mahood delves into the cultural significance of Puritanism early in the 17th century through the character of Malvolio. Although Twelfth Night is a comedy, the presence of morally strict Puritanism affects the lightness of the play. The Puritan Revolution took away the foolish fun and celebration in life. Mahood connects the cultural context with Malvolio’s objection of fun throughout the play. A Midsummer Night’s Dream is completely and utterly entertaining, fun, and provocative; the play is essentially everything Puritanism frowned upon. The cultural setting provided by Mahood allows readers to appreciate A Midsummer’s Night Dream for its magic, fant asy, sex, and pure foolishness because that was socially acceptable at that time. M.M. Mahood prefaces the cultural setting of Twelfth Night with a background of the first time the play was performed which was in 1602. Puritanism emerged in England in the late 16th century as a response to the monarchy controlling the church. Puritans essentially believed in strict morality. The character of Malvolio represents Puritanism. As Mahood states, Shakepeare’s Twelfth Night too is a holiday entertainment in which we are madeShow MoreRelatedWit and Humor in Shakespeares Twelfth Night1997 Words   |  8 PagesTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare is a romantic comedy set in Illyria during the Christmas season. The article analysis is a critique on the elements of folly and foolery in Shakespeare’s twelfth night. 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